Author: Ishoribo Kiva Elizabeth , Ekaidem Benedict.

Manuscript ID: AFMJ-July-2025-20 Date Published: 2025-07-31 14:54:47

Background:

Various exogenous progesterone for Luteal phase support (LPS) abound. The study compared the efficacy of oral dydrogesterone (OD) and micronized vaginal progesterone (MVP) for LPS which is crucial for successful in vitro fertilization and embryo (IVF+ET) transfer outcomes.

Methods:

A randomised controlled trial conducted on 100 consenting women scheduled for IVF+ET in FMC, Abuja, who were assigned to the MVP and OD groups for LPS. Outcomes, including rates of positive pregnancy tests, clinical and ongoing pregnancies at 2-, 4-, and 12-weeks following embryo transfer (ET), in addition to early miscarriage rates, clinical and demographic data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. A p-value< 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.

Results:

The differential outcomes were statistically equivalent between the OD and MVP groups, showing biochemical pregnancy rates of 56.0% vs.72.0% (p=0.31); Ongoing pregnancy rates of 50.0% vs.64.0% (p=0.354); and Ongoing pregnancy rate per clinical pregnancy of 89.3% vs. 88.9% (RR = 1.00; p=0.641) respectively. The reduction in pregnancy rate due to miscarriages in the groups was: 6.0% vs.8.0% (p=0.550 vs. p=0.396). Age (yrs) (B= 0.106; p=0.042), weight (kg) (B= 0.046; p=0.0460), serum LH (B= 0.081; p=0.027), embryo stage at transfer (B=3.717; p=0.034) and previous unsuccessful IVF (B= 0.398; p=0.040) were significant predictors of biochemical and clinical pregnancy outcomes among participants using oral dydrogesterone and micronized vaginal progesterone.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that oral dydrogesterone provides comparable biochemical, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates with micronized vaginal progesterone as luteal phase support in IVF+ET.

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